====== Multiboot USB Thumb Drive ======

I like [[https://www.pendrivelinux.com/yumi-multiboot-usb-creator/|YUMI]] as it allows me to build a multiboot USB drive easily. The problem with it is that the main UI runs best under Windows, and I do not have any Windows machines in my office.

However, at our NOC, we have several Windows virtuals, some of which we use internally, so we can use one of those. How to attach a USB Thumbdrive on my workstation to the remote virtual was an interesting problem. I finally came up with one solution: Create a virtual disk image, mount it as a USB Drive on the Windows virtual, do all the work, then use DD to copy the disk image to the the thumbdrive plugged into my physical machine.

===== Plan your image =====

  - Plug in the USB Thumbdrive and get the size of it, in bytes. fdisk will work just fine<code bash>fdisk -l /dev/usbdrive</code>On my "32 Gig" drive, this returned 32015679488
  - Calculate the size of the disk image to work with. This **must** be smaller or the exact size of the USB drive. For maximum disk space, create block device based on blocks (files) or extents (lvm2).
  - Decide what the backing device will be. In my case, I'll use lvm2, but you can use a file backed device.
    - An LVM extent (block) is 4M, or 4194304, so, we need to know the maximum number of extents we can allocate. Just divide the size of the device (in bytes) by the size of the extent (in bytes).
      - 32015679488 / 4194304 = 7633.1328, round down to 7633
    - A file will be built in increments of the block size, so find out the block size, the use the systems tools to create a file of the correct size.

===== On the hypervisor =====

I'll use //saffron// as the name of the virtual, and usbthumbdrive as the name of the block device to create. Adjust to your system.

==== Create block device ====

<code bash>lvcreate -l 7633 /dev/vg-md0/usbthumbdrive</code>

In my case, I want to compress the image before copying it to my office over the internet. To facilitate that, I'll fill all the space on the drive with 0's so when I run bzip2 later, the free space will be very compressible. Instead of just sitting and wondering when it will be done, I'll use the //pv// command to monitor (you can use //status=progress// on current versions of dd instead) //pv// will slow the copy a bit, but that is not significant to me in this case.

<code bash>dd if=/dev/zero | pv -petrs 29G | of=/dev/vg-md0/usbthumbdrive</code>

==== Mount logical volume on running virtual =====
Determine an available block name on the virtual by entering the command:
<code bash>virsh domblklist saffron</code>
On mine, hdb was available.
Mount the drive, using the USB bus, to the running virtual.
<code bash>virsh attach-disk saffron --targetbus usb --source /dev/vg-md0/usbthumbdrive --target hdb --live</code>

===== On your virtual =====

Connect to your Windows virtual and format the drive for use 
   Control Panel | Administrative Tools | Computer Management | Storage | Disk Management
   Find and format the drive. I use FAT32 normally because YUMI will reformat anyway
Start YUMI and point it to new drive.
Do your installs
eject thumbdrive

===== Back on hypervisor =====

Detach the block device from the virtual.
<code bash>virsh detach-disk saffron hdb</code>

As previously stated, I want to transfer this, so I'll use pbzip2 to compress it before doing anything. Again, I like to see what is going on, so I'll use //pv// to monitor the progress

<code bash>dd if=/dev/vg-md0/usbthumbdrive | pv -petrs 29G | pbzip2 -c > usbthumbdrive.29G.bz2</code>

By blanking the drive before use, and then bzipping it, I turn a 29G empty install into a 2G file. If you have some good installers with compressed images already (Debian, BSD), this is not worth the effort, however.