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unix:freebsd:system_builds:basic_freebsd_installation

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unix:freebsd:system_builds:basic_freebsd_installation [2019/11/08 17:15] – [Post Installation File System Modifications] rodolicounix:freebsd:system_builds:basic_freebsd_installation [2025/01/06 19:15] (current) – rodolico
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 Additionally, I want to create a swap file to replace the partition. Swap is very nice to have, but rarely used, but I had one case where my swap partition was just too damned small and the server started acting squirrely whenever there was a lot of ZFS activity. Additionally, I want to create a swap file to replace the partition. Swap is very nice to have, but rarely used, but I had one case where my swap partition was just too damned small and the server started acting squirrely whenever there was a lot of ZFS activity.
 +
 +  - Make a backup copy of /etc/fstab
 +  - create a 4G file to be used for swap space. modify size as necessary
 +  - Create the entry in fstab for the swap space
 +  - turn on swap
 +  - create a tmpfs entry in fstab for /tmp
 +  - move /var/tmp to point to /tmp
 +  - activate /tmp. This could cause instability if something is being used, so reboot very soon
 +  - display mounts (prove we did what we expected to)
 +  - reboot to be on safe side
  
 <code bash> <code bash>
 cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
-# create a 4G file to be used for swap space. modify size as necessary 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1G count=4 dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1G count=4
-# Create the entry in fstab 
 echo 'md99  none  swap  sw,file=/swapfile 0 0' >> /etc/fstab echo 'md99  none  swap  sw,file=/swapfile 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
-# create a tmpfs entry in fstab for /tmp+swapon -a
 echo 'tmpfs  /tmp  tmpfs  rw,mode=01777 0 0' >> /etc/fstab echo 'tmpfs  /tmp  tmpfs  rw,mode=01777 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
-# move /var/tmp to point to /tmp 
 rm -fR /var/tmp rm -fR /var/tmp
 ln -s /tmp /var/tmp ln -s /tmp /var/tmp
-# activate /tmp. This could cause instability if something is  
-# being used, so reboot very soon 
 rm -fR /tmp/* rm -fR /tmp/*
 mount /tmp mount /tmp
 mount mount
-# Just to be on the safe side, reboot 
-# might as well plug the rest of the drives in 
-# if you removed them as we normally do, then 
 reboot reboot
 </code> </code>
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 I generally like some things that are not installed by default for FreeBSD (or Linux, or Microsoft Windows, or Apple OSX, for that matter). For instance, I accept the larger size of bash for the extra functionality, and I'm lost without the //joe// editor. Some people are just more comfortable with a web UI than the standard CLI, so they might consider installing webmin ([[https://webmin.com]]). We will install I generally like some things that are not installed by default for FreeBSD (or Linux, or Microsoft Windows, or Apple OSX, for that matter). For instance, I accept the larger size of bash for the extra functionality, and I'm lost without the //joe// editor. Some people are just more comfortable with a web UI than the standard CLI, so they might consider installing webmin ([[https://webmin.com]]). We will install
   * joe (because it's my favorite editor)   * joe (because it's my favorite editor)
-  * postfix (because I hate sendmail) 
   * bash (a lot more robust than sh)   * bash (a lot more robust than sh)
   * perl5 (I write a lot of perl scripts)   * perl5 (I write a lot of perl scripts)
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   * pbzip2 and xz (good compression technologies)   * pbzip2 and xz (good compression technologies)
   * smartmontools (monitors your hard drive health)   * smartmontools (monitors your hard drive health)
 +  * postfix (if you need a full MTA)
  
 I've label the steps as to indicate what the code is setting up so you can easily not use some packages. I've label the steps as to indicate what the code is setting up so you can easily not use some packages.
  
-  - Install the packages - Answer 'Y' when asked if you want to enable postfix<code bash> +  - Install the packages<code bash> 
-pkg install joe perl5 pv pbzip2 xz sudo screen webmin ipmitool postfix bash smartmontools+pkg install joe perl5 pv pbzip2 sudo screen webmin ipmitool bash smartmontools
 </code> </code>
-  - Set up postfix and disable sendmail<code bash>service sendmail stop+  - Choose a mailer (choose only one) 
 +    - dma - small smtp server for send only. Standard install 
 +      - edit /etc/dma/dma.conf to meet your needs. Fully commentend, or man dma 
 +      - Create /etc/dma/auth.conf if you want a to do authenticated SMTP to a remote machine<code conf>user|smarthost:password</code> 
 +    - postfix - full e-mail system 
 +      - Set up postfix and disable sendmail. Answer 'Y' when asked if you want to enable postfix<code bash>pkg install postfix 
 +service sendmail stop
 sysrc postfix_enable="YES" sysrc postfix_enable="YES"
 sysrc sendmail_enable="NONE" sysrc sendmail_enable="NONE"
 mv /etc/mail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf.old mv /etc/mail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf.old
 install -m 0644 /usr/local/share/postfix/mailer.conf.postfix /etc/mail/mailer.conf install -m 0644 /usr/local/share/postfix/mailer.conf.postfix /etc/mail/mailer.conf
-# clean up some leftover sendmail stuff 
 echo 'daily_clean_hoststat_enable="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf echo 'daily_clean_hoststat_enable="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf
 echo 'daily_status_mail_rejects_enable="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf echo 'daily_status_mail_rejects_enable="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf
 echo 'Daily_status_include_submit_mailq="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf echo 'Daily_status_include_submit_mailq="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf
 echo 'daily_submit_queuerun="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf echo 'daily_submit_queuerun="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf
-# add postfix user to mail group so it has access to sasl 
 pw group mod mail -m postfix pw group mod mail -m postfix
-# start postfix mail server 
 service postfix start service postfix start
 </code> </code>
-  - Set up bash<code bash>mount -t fdescfs fdesc /dev/fd+  - Set up bash (optional)<code bash>mount -t fdescfs fdesc /dev/fd
 cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
 echo '# enable bash' >> /etc/fstab echo '# enable bash' >> /etc/fstab
 echo 'fdesc  /dev/fd  fdescfs  rw   0   0' >> /etc/fstab echo 'fdesc  /dev/fd  fdescfs  rw   0   0' >> /etc/fstab
-# you an now set the shell for any user with 
 chsh -s bash username chsh -s bash username
 </code> </code>
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   - Set up smartmontools to monitor your drives<code bash># edit the next file for your system after you copy it   - Set up smartmontools to monitor your drives<code bash># edit the next file for your system after you copy it
 cp /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf.sample  /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf cp /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf.sample  /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf
-# change the following line to include the drives you want to be monitored +echo 'daily_status_smart_devices="/dev/ad0 /dev/da0"' >>/etc/periodic/daily/850.smartmontool 
-echo 'daily_status_smart_devices="/dev/ad0 /dev/da0"' >>/etc/periodic +chmod 755 /etc/periodic/daily/850.smartmontool
-# enable the service+
 echo 'smartd_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf echo 'smartd_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf
-# and start it 
 service smartd start service smartd start
 </code> </code>
unix/freebsd/system_builds/basic_freebsd_installation.1573254907.txt.gz · Last modified: 2019/11/08 17:15 by rodolico