unix:virtualization:virtlib:quickreference
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unix:virtualization:virtlib:quickreference [2021/03/07 23:15] – rodolico | unix:virtualization:virtlib:quickreference [2021/11/19 23:20] – rodolico | ||
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Some common commands are: | Some common commands are: | ||
* **list --all** - list all domains virt-lib knows about and show their state (running, off, whatever) | * **list --all** - list all domains virt-lib knows about and show their state (running, off, whatever) | ||
+ | * **vncdisplay //name//** - show vnc display number (not port) assigned | ||
+ | * **dommemstat //name//** - show allocated RAM | ||
+ | * **domstats //name// | grep vcpu.current** - displays number of virtual cpu's assigned | ||
+ | * **domblklist //name//** - show attached block devices | ||
* **start //name//** - starts the domain named **name** (name from list --all) | * **start //name//** - starts the domain named **name** (name from list --all) | ||
* **reboot //name//** | * **reboot //name//** | ||
Line 22: | Line 26: | ||
* attach-interface --domain pxe --type bridge --source br1 --model virtio --config --live | * attach-interface --domain pxe --type bridge --source br1 --model virtio --config --live | ||
* detach-interface --domain pxe --type bridge --mac 52: | * detach-interface --domain pxe --type bridge --mac 52: | ||
+ | * Remove virtual image (config file only)< | ||
+ | * **change-media //name// //drive//** - Insert or Eject a CDROM | ||
+ | * change-media //name// //drive// --eject | ||
+ | * change-media //name// //drive// // | ||
==== Remove a network from the entire system ==== | ==== Remove a network from the entire system ==== | ||
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I did this with a Windows 10 installation on my workstation. Prior to using virtio, it would take, literally, 5-7 minutes after boot before I could do anything, and it was very sluggish after that. Once I used virtio, it was almost bare hardware speeds. | I did this with a Windows 10 installation on my workstation. Prior to using virtio, it would take, literally, 5-7 minutes after boot before I could do anything, and it was very sluggish after that. Once I used virtio, it was almost bare hardware speeds. | ||
+ | ===== Shutdown and restart of Windows guests ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Problems shutting down with //virsh// ==== | ||
+ | After installing the win-virtio package, you should see QEMU Guest Agent running as a service. With this running, you can use qemu-guest-agent to manage shutdown and reboot. This is much more reliable than using ACPI. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Important** Shut down the virtual before doing the following. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Edit the guest | ||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | virsh edit DOMAIN | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Place the following block under the < | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code xml> | ||
+ | <channel type=" | ||
+ | <source mode=" | ||
+ | <target type=" | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Start the virtual back up. Once that is done you can use the following commands much more reliably. | ||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | virsh shutdown DOMAIN | ||
+ | virsh reboot DOMAIN | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | This also allows you to execute // | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Windows servers will not restart ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | I'm having a problem with Windows virtuals not rebooting. When you issue the restart command, they shut off and don't come back up. As a band aid, I have a script running on the hypervisor with a cron job, every 5 minutes. | ||
+ | |||
+ | This script has been tested on our machines, but I'm sure there are some issues with it. Just do a | ||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | virsh list --all | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | and select the domains you want to ensure are running all the time. Place them in the array that has DOMAIN1 and DOMAIN2 (ie, replace DOMAIN1 with your first choice, etc...). | ||
+ | |||
+ | When called, checkVirtuals will look for each of the domains and see if they are running (using //virsh list//). If they are not running, it will place a flag file in / | ||
+ | |||
+ | I call this every 5 minutes from cron, thus, the max downtime will be 10 minutes, with an average of 5. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **WARNING: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code perl checkVirtuals> | ||
+ | #! / | ||
+ | |||
+ | use strict; | ||
+ | use warnings; | ||
+ | |||
+ | my @servers = ( | ||
+ | ' | ||
+ | ' | ||
+ | ); | ||
+ | |||
+ | my $virsh = '/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | my $output = `virsh list`; | ||
+ | |||
+ | foreach my $server ( @servers ) { | ||
+ | if ( $output =~ m/$server/ ) { | ||
+ | unlink "/ | ||
+ | } else { | ||
+ | if ( -e "/ | ||
+ | print " | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | } else { | ||
+ | | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | 1; | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Replacing Network Interfaces ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Sometimes you need to undefine and redefine a network interface. This is actually fairly simple to do. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # get a list of all network interfaces in domain | ||
+ | virsh domiflist domain | ||
+ | # remove the one you want. Use values (type, mac) from above command | ||
+ | virsh detach-interface domain --type bridge --mac ##:##:##:##:##:## | ||
+ | # redefine it. Use values from above command, or change as needed | ||
+ | virsh attach-interface domain --type bridge --model virtio --source br_private --mac ##:##:##:##:##:## | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | In this example, //domain// is the name of the domain to be worked on. I use domiflist to get information about the network interfaces as I need the type and mac. The --config makes it permanent, writing it to the config file. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In my case, I had built a Windows domain without using virtio, and I wanted to change it. This was actually the simplest way I found to do it. | ||
==== Links ==== | ==== Links ==== | ||
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* https:// | * https:// | ||
* https:// | * https:// | ||
+ | * https:// | ||
+ | * https:// |
unix/virtualization/virtlib/quickreference.txt · Last modified: 2023/02/26 17:12 by rodolico