Unix Server Tech Knowledge Base

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===== FreeBSD Branches =====

FreeBSD has several channels, or branches, allowing users to customize their installations based on their personal requirements. The top three are **Release**, **Stable** and **Current**.

Bottom line is, use Release for stability, Stable for new features and Current for true bleeding edge. I remember it by "they got it backwards" meaning Stable is not the super stable version for servers.

===== Comparison of Branches =====

Each branch has specific purposes and associated maintenance, which the following table summarizes.


^ **Feature**                   ^ **Current**                                   ^ **Stable**                                    ^ **Release**                              ^
| **Purpose**                   | Active development and feature testing         | Ongoing development with more stability      | Official, stable versions for production |
| **Stability**                 | Least stable, subject to frequent changes     | More stable than Current, less frequent changes | Most stable, thoroughly tested          |
| **Updates**                   | Continuous changes and new features            | Regular updates, with bug fixes and enhancements | Point releases for bug fixes            |
| **Target Users**              | Developers and testers                          | Users needing a balance between stability and new features | Production environments                  |
| **Lifecycle**                 | Always evolving, no formal releases            | Evolving until the next release               | Fixed lifespan, supported for a set period |
| **Deployment**                | Not recommended for production                  | Can be used in production, but with caution  | Recommended for all production systems  |
| **Access to Features**        | Latest features and enhancements               | New features after testing in Current        | Only features that are stable and well-tested |
| **Major Updates Timeline**    | Ongoing, features can change daily             | Approximately every 6 months                  | Every 1-2 years                         |
| **Minor Updates Timeline**    | Continuous integration, no set schedule        | Every few weeks to a couple of months        | Typically every 6 months (for point releases) |

==== Summary of Update Timelines ====

  * **Release** versions typically receive major updates every **1-2 years** and minor updates or point releases approximately every **6 months**.
  * **Stable** branches generally receive major updates every **6 months** and minor updates every few weeks to a couple of months.
  * **Current** does not have a fixed schedule; features can evolve daily.

==== Purpose and Usage ====

  * **Release** is tailored for production environments where stability and reliability are crucial. It's recommended for users and organizations who need a dependable OS without the risk of interruption from continual changes.
  * **Stable** is intended for users who want newer features while maintaining reasonable stability. It's suitable for users who are comfortable with potential instability and have the capability to troubleshoot issues.
  * **Current** is for users who are willing to help by testing proposed changes, or simply want the latest available features. It is suitable for technically oriented users who want to explore the leading edge of FreeBSD development.

===== Converting between Branches =====

Converting between branches is possible but complex. The process varies depending on whether you are using binary installs (pkg) or compiling each application (ports).

I will see about testing and writing it up in the future.

===== Disclaimer =====

This document was created with the assistance of AI to help formatting and edit for clarity. However, the content was written by me and reviewed for accuracy after changes.